Sheet metal covered roof



Jan. 10, 1939. A. w-. PATTIANI 2,143,166

SHEET METAL COVERED ROOF Filed F'ebv 23, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. ALo/s W PATT/ANI ATTORNEY.

Jan. 10, 1939. A. w. PATTIANI SHEET METAL COVERED ROOF Filed Feb. 23, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Jan. 10, 1939 I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SHEET METAL COVERED ROOF Alois W. Pattiani, Oakland, Calif.

Application February 23, 1938, Serial No. 191,85!

1:; Claims. (01. roar-13) This invention relates to the sheet metal coverboards are required as there shown, the joint ing of roofs of the type where the metal is very provides for stretching the metal into the corners thin and is made to conform more or less to the and relieves the thin sheet metal (usually paperphysical or structural surface of the supporting thin soft copper) from any strain against nail 5 roof immediately below the ,sheet metal. The or tack heads so easily tornout as with the con- 5 principal object of the invention; is to provide imstruction shown in the latter patent, but in its provements in such roofs which make it easier preferred form entirely avoids any nails through and quicker to apply the sheet metal, also which the folded metal joint, and also provides for proproduce a better external appearance which may ducing a variety of pleasing exterior appearances,

be varied considerably, and also a sheetmetal for in its complete form the invention produces a 10 roof system moreadapted to meet the exigencies thin sheet metal covered roof with large regular met with in old roofs which it is desired to cover or irregular waves running horizontally, and to with thin sheet metal. a certain extent vertically also, and further pro- Other objects and advantages of the invention vides undulating deep shadow eifects not heretowill appear in the following description and acfore obtainable in a roof of this kind. 15 companying drawings. In the showing of Figure 1 the roof comprises In the drawings: a series of horizontally extending overlapping Figure 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a boards I which are in the nature of ordinary slanted roof constructed in accordance with one clapboards nailed to rafters 2 or any other suitzo modification of my invention and partly covered able supporting roof structure, though the word with thin sheet metal in accordance with the boards is here intended to include either woodinvention. en or artificial boards as of Celotex and other Figure 2 is an enlarged vertical section of the fiber bodies. completed roof. The boards are, of course, laid from the bottom 5 Figure 3 is a vertical cross section of one joint of the roof up, and as each is nailed in place, or horizontal seam of the sheet metal covering vertically extending strips 3 of wood or other and the wood-work adjacent thereto, all shown material are spacedly secured to them, as by nailgreatly enlarged over Figure 2. ing or otherwise, so that the next board above Figure 4 is a view similar to that of Figure 3, will overlap the upper end of the strip and there- 3 but shows a modified form of the joint. by be forced to bend or arch upward as indicated Figure 5 shows a further modification from at 4 in Figure 1 so that each board is alternately that of Figure 3. arched up and down numerous times throughout Figure 6 shows a still further modification. its length. The effective height of the arches Figure 7 is a vertical section oi. a roof similar then formed may be increased by having the verto that of Figure 2, but shows the application tical strips of wedge or tapered form starting 35 of the invention to an existing shingle roof or quite thin at their lower ends as at 3' and becomother solid covered roof having a similarly ing several times as thick at their upper ends stepped outer surface. as at 3". If desired the securing nails 5 for Figure 8 is an enlarged detail of the joint of the strips 3 may extend through the overlapping m the roof of Figure 7. weather boards I, and into the rafters 2, as in- Figure 9 shows a further modification over the dicated in Figure 3 at the point where the strips arrangement shown in Figure 2. occur, or the boards may be nailed to the rafters Briefly described the roof may be said to be independently of the strips, and the latter nailed of the general type shown in the expired Patonly to the board immediately below.

ent No. 899,022 wherein overlapping roof boards In Figure l the spaced vertical strips are shown 5 or shingles are covered with horizontally extendevenly staggered with respect to the strips of ading sheets of thin sheet metal except that the jacent boards, but the strips may be unevenly horizontally extending joints between the metal spaced or irregularly positioned to produce any sheets are not held down by overlying boards or desired exterior appearance of the roof, or they shingles as in the patent mentioned, which may be omitted entirely insofar as some features 50 makes it necessary to build both the supporting of the present invention are concerned, or other roof as well as the metal covering progressively artifices may be employed to vary the ridges or from the bottom up, but the joints are more like shadow lines of the roof eswill be hereinafter the joints in the metal covered roof in Patent explained, or the strips may be varied from the w No. 1,664,261, except that no special tapered roof vertical. 5

After the roof structure is completed asshowfi \strips of metal are preferably of paper-thin ductile copper of about the width of the boards i, and are extended parallel with them. The lower edge of the first sheet may be wrapped under the lower edge of the lowermost board and secured in place, or it may be secured to the upwardly projecting edge I' of the boards in conformity with succeeding edges of the sheets at succeeding boards-in the manner shown in Figure 2, and further detailed in Figure 3.-

In the figures the successive sheets of copper are designated 6, 6 6", 6 etc., and ldFigure 3 it will be seen that the upper margin of one sheet and the lower margin of the next sheet above are bent and doubled over as shown at l to lie against the upstanding edge i of the board above and then secured against it as by a strip of wood 8 held in place by nails 9 passing into the edge of the upper board above the foldedmetal joint. i

In applying the metal, the second sheet is laid fiat on the first sheet and their margins folded together either once as shown in Figure 3, or twice if desired, the strip 8 is placed against the seam and nailed in place to draw the metal firmly up into the corner so as to take up any slack in the lower sheet. After this, the second sheet 6' is bent up and over strip 8 and nails 5, 9, and extended up to the lower edge of the next board, and the operations repeated. Any necessary joining or piecing of one of the horizontal strips or sheets of copper may be made in any approved manner as by folding an'd/or soldering.

After the whole roof is covered in the manner described, or progressively as it is covered, the thin soft copper sheets are pressed down around the sides of the strips 3 and along the undulations of the boards (either with the fingers of a gloved hand, or with a felt pad or stiff brush). The sheets of metal may be extended over the ends of the boards and secured in any desired manner, and any suitable cap or sheet of metal may be used to straddle the gable of the roof, or the two final sheets of metal from both sides may be simply brought together and folded over two or three times, and soldered if desired.

By reference to Figure 3 it will be noted that strip 8 is shown with, its inner face beveled oil. to accommodate the thickness of the folded metal seam or joint and form a heel 8' at the upper edge of the strip on which the strip fulcrums when the nail is driven in, and thus draws or forces the metal seam tightly up against the edge I of the board. The thickness of the metal seam is greatly exaggerated in the drawings as the metal used is preferably only of paper thickness, and therefore the beveling of the strip, if used, need be very little. Strips 8, of course, follow the undulating edges of the boards in passing over strips 3 if the latter are used, or may be cut to more or less follow the undulations of the board if desired.

The modification shown in Figure 4 varies from that of Figure 3 in showing the two metal sheets simply bent upward to lie against the edge I of the board and tacked in place as with small nails l0, and then drawn'up or stretched into the corner with the strips 8 secured with larger nails I I which may pass directly through both layers of copper. The slight space l2 shown in the corner a,14 s,1oe

' may be entirely taken up in stretching the metal with the aid of the strips 8. It is of course evident that in' the Joint of Figure 4 the edges of the metal sheets may be folded or doubled over each other one or more times, if desired, as shown in the other figures.

In the form shown in Figure 6 the Joint is substantially like that shown in Figure 4 except that strip 8 is not beveled, and Wedge-shaped boards 4 20 are arranged with their thickest edges 20 at the bottom, and also in overlapping relation to strip 8. This modifies the outward appearance of the roof when covered with metal. In this form the spaced strips 3 of Figure 4 may also be used if desired.

In Figure 5 the folded metal seam i2 is held in place by means of a thin metal or other angle bar I 3 which overhangs the corner of the upper board and is forced tightly against the seam to clamp it against the edge i of the board and then nailed from above as by nails I4 which may be started at a slant so as to draw the angle bar up tightly and force theseam into the corner. These angle bars are preferably continuous along the edge of the board, and/they give great support and protection to the thin sheet metal at the corners of the boards against inJury from anyone walking on the roof for any reason.

The showing of Figure 9 is substantially the same as that of Figures 1 to 3 except that the vertical strips 3 are extended clear under the next board above as shown at 3, and this view also shows the boards resting against purlins IS instead of the rafters 2, though this feature is optional.

In Figures 7 and 8 the application of the invention to a shingled roof is shown and wherein the shaded stepped member l6 designates a shingled roof supported on purlins or spaced sheathing I1 and rafters l8 in the usual manner, while at the forward end of every other row of shingles is nailed a board l9. This board is of a thickness equal to the lower ends of the shingles and of a width to preferably abut the edges of one row of shingles, and come flush with the lower row to thereby accomplish several things; first, to create a higher ridge; second, to double the length of the exposure so that with shingles laid four inches to the weather the fiat steps will be eight inches; and third, to give a cross grain nailing surface for the seam or metal joint tensioning strips 8 which are applied in the manner described. The joint of the metal sheets may, of course, be folded over one or more times, or simply lapped as previously described. Boards [9 may be thicker at their lower edges as shown for boards 20 of Figure 6, if desired, or the latter may additionally be used.

Instead of the stepped members l6 being an existing shingle roof, it may of course be a weather board roof laid up to produce the steps shown, but it would usually represent an.old shingled roof which it was desired to sheath over with thin copper by the method of the invention.

In considering the invention and its modifications above described, it should be noted that its chief advantage over metal covered roofs as shown in such patents as Benson No. 899,022 and Wright No. 2,081,191, is that it permits the foundation woodwork to be first completed before the copper is applied, thus making it safer and much quicker to apply, and above this it produces a variety of root surfaces impossible to secure in these earlier constructions.

It is also evident that while the invention has its principal application to roofs, yet it may also be as readily applied to the sides of buildings, and the word roof" as used in the claims is to be understood as embracing any outer surface of a building to which the invention is applied. If the roofs are of very little pitch, the sheet metal joints may be white-leaded as they are folded, if desired. Also to be noted is that the very thin sheet copper or other metal used may be backed with paper to which it may be glued or cemented, if desired, as this would not affect the principle of the invention. Also to be noted is that my use of the words board or boards in the claims as denoting the substantial or solid roof covering or foundation upon which the copper is secured, is intended to include boards of wood, or artificial boards of fiber, or other materials, and also shingles.

Having thus described my invention, several of its possible modifications, and the manner of carrying it out, what I claim is:

1. In a slanted roof provided with a covering of boards one above the other presenting upstanding horizontally extending lower edges of the boards, horizontally extending paper thin metal sheets covering the outer surfaces of the boards formed with connecting seams respectively positioned against said lower edges, a clamping strip extending longitudinally of and outside of each seam and secured to the boards, and one sheet of the metal extending from said seam under, around, and over said clamping strip and board above and joined by a seam as above described by another sheet of metal at the lower upstanding edge of the next board above in repetition in the manner described.

2. In a slanted roof provided with a covering of boards one above the other presenting upstanding horizontally extending lower edges of the boards, horizontally extending paper thin metal sheets covering the outer surfaces of the boards formed with connecting seams respectively positioned against said lower edges, a clamping strip extending longitudinally of and outside of each seam and secured to the boards, and one sheet of the metal extending from said seam under, around, and over said clamping strip and board above and joined by a seam as above described by another sheet of metal at the lower upstanding edge of the next board above in repetition in the manner described, said clamping strips formed and arranged to facilitate drawing the seam of the joined metal sheets into the outside corner formed by juncture of the boards.

3. In a slanted roof provided with a covering of boards one above the other presenting upstanding horizontally extending lower edges of the boards, horizontally extending thin metal sheets covering the outer surfaces of the boards formed with connecting seams respectively positioned against said lower edges, a clamping strip extending longitudinally of and outside of each seam and secured to the boards, and one sheet of the metal extending from said seam under, around, and over said clamping strip and board above and joined by a seam as above described by another sheet of metal at the lower upstanding edge of the next board above in repetition in the manner described, the clamping strips secured to their respective boards by nails passing into the edges of the boards.

4. In a slanted roof provided with a covering of boards one above the other presenting upstanding horizontally extending lower edges of the boards, horizontally extending thin metal sheets covering the outer surfaces of the boards formed with connecting seams respectively positioned against said lower edges, a clamping strip extending longitudinally of and outside of each seam and secured to the boards, and one sheet of the metal extending from said seam under, around, and over said clamping strip and board above and joined by a seam as above described, by another sheet of metal at the lower upstanding edge of the next board above in repetition in the manner described, said clamping strips secured to their respective boards by nails passing into the edges of the boards at a point above and to clear said seams.

5. In a roof as described in claim 1, means spaced along said boards forming successive arches of and along the boards.

6. In a roof as described in claim 1, means spaced along said boards forming successive arches of and along the boards and staggered with respect to adjacent boards.

'7. In a slanted roof provided with a covering of boards placed parallel to one another, means forming successive arches in the boards spaced along their lengths.

8. In a slanted roof provided with a covering of boards placed parallel to one another, means forming successive arches in the boards spaced along their lengths, and staggered with relation to adjacent boards.

9. In the construction set out in claim '7, a sheet metal covering over said boards conforming substantially to the arched surface of the boards.

10. In the construction set out in claim 8, a sheet metal covering over said boards conforming substantially to the arched surface of the boards.

11. In a slanted roof provided with a covering of horizontally extending boards placed parallel to one another, spaced vertically arranged strips over which the boards are sprung to form successive arches along the boards.

12. In a slanted roof provided with a covering of horizontally extending boards placed parallel to one another, spaced vertically arranged strips over which the boards are sprung to form successive arches along the boards, said strips being thicker at one endthan at the other.

13. In a slanted roof provided with a covering of horizontally extending boards placed parallel to one another, spaced vertically arranged strips over which the boards are sprung to form successive arches along the boards, said strips being thicker at their upper end.

14. In a structure as set out in claim 1, said clamping strip being an angle bar overlapping the upper corner of the lower edge of the board.

15. In a shingled roof, horizontally extending boards abutting the lower ends of a row of shingles and terminating substantially flush with the lower end of the row below, said boards being substantially the thickness of the shingles which they abut and provided with means securing them in place, a sheet metal covering for the roof formed with horizontally extending seams, positioned against the lower edges of said board and means securing said seams in place.

16. In a shingled roof, horizontally extending boards abutting the lower ends of a row of shingles and terminating substantially flush with the lower end of the row below, said boards being substantially the thickness of the shingles which they abut and provided with means securing them in place, a sheet metal covering for the roof formed with horizontally extending seams positioned against the lower edges of said board, and

18. A sheet metal covered root provided with a foundation having horizontally extending ridges spaced one above the other, and wavy arches following each other horizontally between said ridges, and said arches staggered with relation 5 to the arches between adjacent ridges.

snore w. Par-rum. 

